4th semester, BE Civil 2078 Batch students visited a physical modelling site dedicated to studying hydraulic structures at Hydro Lab Pvt. Ltd. at Pulchowk on 24th of Falgun, 2080. The visit aimed to highlight the significance of model studies, different types of similitudes, undistorted and distorted models, scale effects in model studies, and the application of model laws in open channels. The site showcased a range of scaled-down models replicating various hydraulic structures, such as dams, spillways, weirs, and channels.
During the visit, the students were introduced to the fundamental concept of model studies and their vital role in designing and evaluating hydraulic structures before their actual implementation. The experts Er. Nirmala Lama and Er. Kunjan Lal Pradhan from Hydro Lab explained about the model studies which provide engineers with invaluable insights on the behaviour of water flow, pressure distribution, and other hydraulic parameters, helping to optimize the design, improve efficiency, and ensure the safety of full-scale structures.
The students were introduced to the types of similitude and the concept of undistorted and distorted models. Another important aspect covered during the visit was the scale effect in model studies. The experts emphasized that scaling down a hydraulic structure introduces certain complexities due to the differences in flow behaviour. The students gained insights into the challenges posed by scale effects and learned techniques to mitigate their impact through proper scaling laws and adjustments.
Er. Jeevan Kumar Ban guided students to a testing lab where they were briefed about the types of lab tests to be performed for the sedimentation studies, necessary tools, equipments, and methodologies those were to be implemented in the field.
Lastly, the application of model laws in open channels was illustrated. The students were shown how hydraulic engineers utilize principles such as Froude's law and Manning's equation to ensure accurate representation of open-channel flow in model studies. These laws, when appropriately applied, assist in determining the appropriate flow conditions and hydraulic parameters in scaled-down models.